Anxiety disorders: Often the response to a stressor is beyond what most people would consider appropriate. They may respond to situations with intense fear or even physical signs of distress. You’ll know this is a problem when they can’t control themselves or when it interferes with their daily functioning.

Mood disorders: These disorders may be present when a young person’s mood is either too high or too low, or sometimes fluctuating between both. Be on the lookout for signs of extreme happiness or profound sadness – neither is good. You’ll know it’s a problem when their mood is causing distress and interfering with their relationships and/or daily functioning.

Adjustment disorders: Young people are often involved in youth programs because of trauma, toxic stress, and/or abuse. Be aware of reactions to situations that trigger extreme outbursts or intense withdrawal. These responses often seem out of proportion to the stressor. You’ll know it’s a problem when they instinctively repeat these behaviors, and it makes coping with daily activities difficult.

Impulse disorders: Impulsive behavior in young people is normal. It could be a disorder when they repeatedly can’t resist impulses and potential destructive behaviors to themselves or others. These behaviors include things like starting fires, sex, drugs/alcohol, or gambling. You’ll recognize it as a problem when they become so involved that they ignore responsibilities and relationships.

There are more categories of youth mental illness, but the categories listed above are the most common you’ll encounter in youth work. Become familiar with them and pay close attention to behaviors and language.

There are basic signs that something isn’t right regardless of the category of mental illness. Looking at the list below, remember a lot of these are typical in young people. But, if they become persistent or problematic you must act swiftly and appropriately.